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‘The Great Fuel Heist’: Libya’s ‘Kleptocrats’ Blamed For Smuggling Crisis
...gures between 2022 and 2024 confirm the surge under Mr Bengdara. According to data intelligence firm Kpler, Libya’s fuel imports peaked in September 2024 at 307,000 b/d, the highest monthly figure since the 2011 revolution (see chart 1). This is more than double the 147,000 b/d figure from September 20...
Volume: 68Issue: 46Published at Fri, 14 Nov 2025 -
Syria Poised For Gas Imports, Issues Crude Export Tender
...nounced a tender last week for the sale of 500,000 barrels of heavy crude oil, which would be its first such sale in more than a decade. Sanctions and domestic requirements during the 2011-2024 civil war put paid to Syrian exports. The tender puts the crude quality between 22-24 API, and 4.2% sulfur with bi...
Volume: 68Issue: 31Published at Fri, 01 Aug 2025 -
Libya Instability Returns With Zawiya Force Majeure
...ssible to end these clashes and keep oil facilities out of the conflict zone, regardless of the causes or motives.” INSTABILITY RETURNS The incident is the latest episode of instability that has plagued Libya’s vital oil and gas sector in the near 14 years since the country’s 2011 re...
Volume: 67Issue: 51/52Published at Fri, 20 Dec 2024 -
Qatar Slams EU Over Rules It Says Will Halt Bilateral LNG Trade
...sitions regarding the primacy of the energy transition over energy security. Qatar’s LNG exports to Europe peaked back in 2011. But since then the emirate had faced more competition from the likes of Russia, and since 2016, the USA. Even with Qatar lifting exports to Europe in 2022, they re...
Volume: 67Issue: 50Published at Fri, 13 Dec 2024 -
Iran Eyes Imminent Petrochemicals Boost
...d is PGPIC’s only methanol project under construction, with locally manufactured “super heaters” installed in June. Hengam is set to produce 726,000 t/y of ammonia and 1.155mn t/y of urea and has been under construction since 2011 – 12 years and counting. The project suffered a setback when Sa...
Volume: 66Issue: 43Published at Fri, 27 Oct 2023 -
Qatar Breaks Ground On Historic LNG Expansion Project
...mn t/y ceremony. Preparing to host the tournament was arguably the government’s key economic focus between 2011 and last year, and that focus has now shifted to the North Field Development. The North Field’s gas and NGLs (including condensate) alone routinely account for around 60% of Qatar’s total ex...
Volume: 66Issue: 40Published at Fri, 06 Oct 2023 -
Lebanon Hooked On Diesel Imports Amid Financial Crisis
...ich runs through Jordan and Syria. Even these volumes were only ever sufficient to supply one of its two gas turbines, while flows were sporadic and halted entirely following attacks on the pipeline in Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula in 2011. Meanwhile the Zahrani power plant lacks the required infrastructure to...
Volume: 66Issue: 35Published at Fri, 01 Sep 2023 -
Libya’s R Lanuf Back Online
...rolysis gasoline (MEES, 14 January 2008). Output capacity also includes 172,260 t/y of gas used to fuel the plant and 12,700 t/y of hydrogen which is used both for hydrogenation at the ethylene plant and at the polyethylene plant whose design capacity was 160,000 t/y before Libya’s 2011 revolution. “Wi...
Volume: 66Issue: 20Published at Fri, 19 May 2023 -
Sabic: Record Q2 Figures, But Outlook Crimped By Global Economic Headwinds
....93bn for Q2 with both of the key units – Petrochemicals & Specialities, and Agri-Nutrients – seeing record quarterly figures. Prorating 1H revenue of $28.97bn would give a figure of $58.4bn for 2022 as a whole, substantially above the record annual figure of $50.7bn set in 2011. Doing the same for 1H...
Volume: 65Issue: 32Published at Fri, 12 Aug 2022 -
Saudi Aramco’s Master Gas System: A Work In Progress
...twork last year (MEES, 26 May 2020). SAUDI ARABIA: KEY POWER INFRASTRUCTURE SAUDI ARABIA SALES GAS* OUTPUT HAS BEEN CONSISTENTLY CLIMBING YEAR-ON-YEAR (BN CFD)*CONVERTED FROM BTU TO CFD UNTIL 2011. SOURCE: SAUDI ARAMCO, MEES....
Volume: 64Issue: 32Published at Fri, 13 Aug 2021 -
Homs Refinery Fire Sheds Light On Syria’s Murky Fuel Markets
...om government-controlled territories at 20,000 b/d, whilst plans to boost production to 100,000 b/d at fields Damascus has re-captured have gone nowhere (MEES, 17 January 2020). Prior to the outbreak of civil war in 2011, national oil output, all government controlled, was 390,000 b/d (MEES, 22 Ja...
Volume: 64Issue: 19Published at Fri, 14 May 2021 -
Yemen Takes Delivery Of Saudi Products Shipments
...started in 2019 and is currently running at around 10,000 b/d (MEES, 15 January). A planned second phase 400MW expansion was awarded to India’s BHL for $436mn in 2011 with work beginning in 2014 (MEES, 9 August 2013). The project was financed by the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, the Sa...
Volume: 64Issue: 19Published at Fri, 14 May 2021 -
Oman’s OQ Raises $750mn Bond As It Looks To Bring Delayed Downstream Projects Online
...nterpiece of a new industrial city – the Special Economic Zone (SEZAD) of Duqm, which was established in 2011 to “diversify the national economy.” To provide power and water to SEZAD, Oman is building a 326MW combined cycle power plant integrated with a 36,000m³/day reverse osmosis desalination plant close to...
Volume: 64Issue: 18Published at Fri, 07 May 2021 -
Libya’s Crippled Refining Sector Struggles To Meet Demand
...meplate capacity (see table 1). The bulk of current output, which meets only about half of the country’s domestic consumption, comes from the 120,000 b/d Zawiya refinery west of Tripoli. Even before the 2011 revolution Libya’s refining fleet was in desperate need of upgrades due to Gaddafi-era sa...
Volume: 64Issue: 09Published at Fri, 05 Mar 2021 -
Egypt Downstream: ERC Boosts Output & Exports To 2020 Records Despite Covid Slump
...– at 649,000 b/d the latter was up 21% year-on-year including record output of gasoline (97,000 b/d) and jet-kero (68,000 b/d) with diesel output of 171,000 b/d just fractionally below the all-time high set in 2011. *But for Q2, output of all products slumped versus Q1, with the overall ou...
Volume: 64Issue: 08Published at Fri, 26 Feb 2021 -
Saudi Arabia’s Oil Sector In 2020: Assessing A Tumultuous Year
...mand of 455,000 b/d was the lowest since 2011 and down 17% year-on-year. Demand bottomed out at 231,000 b/d in April amid tight Covid-19 mobility restrictions and while it rebounded to 530,000 b/d in October, it exited the year at 488,000 b/d. The impact on diesel demand was more muted due to the fu...
Volume: 64Issue: 07Published at Fri, 19 Feb 2021 -
Gas Plant Inauguration Boosts Iran’s Petchems Outlook
...t to go-ahead (MEES, 10 October 2014). As MEES wrote at the time, Iran was struggling with gas supply issues that called its ambitious petchems expansion into question (MEES, 31 January 2011). The easing of sanctions in 2015 following the JCPOA ‘nuclear deal’ gave an opportunity to bring foreign co...
Volume: 64Issue: 04Published at Fri, 29 Jan 2021 -
Saudi Petchems Firms: Consolidation Ahead?
...merging the two companies,” while caveating that entering discussions “does not necessarily mean that the deal will take place.” Indeed, the companies entered into talks about a similar merger in 2011 without concluding a deal. The proposed merger comes at a time when Saudi petchems firms of al...
Volume: 63Issue: 39Published at Fri, 25 Sep 2020 -
Qatar’s Oryx GTL Train 2 Offline Until 2Q21
...oject. However, its development cost trebled from $6bn at project go-ahead in 2006 to $18.5bn at project completion in 2011, while ramp-up to full capacity took a year longer than anticipated (MEES, 16 August 2013). Despite the problems experienced at Qatar’s two GTL plants, nearby Oman has designs to...
Volume: 63Issue: 34Published at Fri, 21 Aug 2020 -
Egypt Squeezes More Out Of Its Refining Fleet
...uge for 2019 as a whole, most products’ output grew year-on-year. However, jet-kero is the only product to reach a new record high, averaging 58,000 b/d. Analysis of the latest Jodi monthly data shows diesel at 149,000 b/d in 11M19, short of the record 163,000 b/d in 2011, while gasoline’s rally to 86...
Volume: 63Issue: 04Published at Fri, 24 Jan 2020